Houston Criminal Defense Attorney - Texas Code of Criminal Procedure
Art. 2.132 is a law that requires law enforcement agencies in Texas to adopt a detailed written policy on racial profiling. The law defines "law enforcement agency" as an agency of the state or of a county, municipality, or other political subdivision of the state that employs peace officers who make motor vehicle stops in the routine performance of their duties.
The law requires the policy to clearly define acts that constitute racial profiling and strictly prohibit peace officers employed by the agency from engaging in racial profiling. It also requires the policy to implement a process for filing a complaint if an individual believes a peace officer employed by the agency has engaged in racial profiling.
Furthermore, the law requires the law enforcement agency to provide public education about the complaint process, including contact information for making a complaint or a compliment about each ticket, citation, or warning issued by a peace officer. The policy must require appropriate corrective action to be taken against a peace officer who has engaged in racial profiling in violation of the agency's policy.
Additionally, the law mandates that the agency must collect information relating to motor vehicle stops in which a ticket, citation, or warning is issued and to arrests made as a result of those stops. The information must include the race or ethnicity of the individual detained, whether a search was conducted and, if so, whether the individual detained consented to the search, whether the peace officer knew the race or ethnicity of the individual detained before detaining that individual, whether the peace officer used physical force that resulted in bodily injury during the stop, the location of the stop, and the reason for the stop. The chief administrator of the agency, regardless of whether the administrator is elected, employed, or appointed, must submit an annual report of the collected information to the Texas Commission on Law Enforcement and the governing body of each county or municipality served by the agency.
The law further requires the law enforcement agency to examine the feasibility of installing video camera and transmitter-activated equipment in each agency law enforcement motor vehicle regularly used to make motor vehicle stops and transmitter-activated equipment in each agency law enforcement motorcycle regularly used to make motor vehicle stops. The agency must also examine the feasibility of equipping each peace officer who regularly detains or stops motor vehicles with a body-worn camera. If video or audio equipment is installed or peace officers are equipped with body-worn cameras, the policy must include standards for reviewing video and audio documentation.
Finally, the law mandates that a report required under the policy may not include identifying information about a peace officer who makes a motor vehicle stop or about an individual who is stopped or arrested by a peace officer. The law enforcement agency must review the collected data to identify any improvements that could be made in its practices and policies regarding motor vehicle stops.
Art. 2.132. LAW ENFORCEMENT POLICY ON RACIAL PROFILING. (a) In this article: (1) "Law enforcement agency" means an agency of the state, or of a county, municipality, or other political subdivision of the state, that employs peace officers who make motor vehicle stops in the routine performance of the officers' official duties. (2) "Motor vehicle stop" means an occasion in which a peace officer stops a motor vehicle for an alleged violation of a law or ordinance. (3) "Race or ethnicity" means the following categories: (A) Alaska native or American Indian; (B) Asian or Pacific Islander; (C) black; (D) white; and (E) Hispanic or Latino. (b) Each law enforcement agency in this state shall adopt a detailed written policy on racial profiling. The policy must: (1) clearly define acts constituting racial profiling; (2) strictly prohibit peace officers employed by the agency from engaging in racial profiling; (3) implement a process by which an individual may file a complaint with the agency if the individual believes that a peace officer employed by the agency has engaged in racial profiling with respect to the individual; (4) provide public education relating to the agency's compliment and complaint process, including providing the telephone number, mailing address, and e-mail address to make a compliment or complaint with respect to each ticket, citation, or warning issued by a peace officer; (5) require appropriate corrective action to be taken against a peace officer employed by the agency who, after an investigation, is shown to have engaged in racial profiling in violation of the agency's policy adopted under this article; (6) require collection of information relating to motor vehicle stops in which a ticket, citation, or warning is issued and to arrests made as a result of those stops, including information relating to: (A) the race or ethnicity of the individual detained; (B) whether a search was conducted and, if so, whether the individual detained consented to the search; (C) whether the peace officer knew the race or ethnicity of the individual detained before detaining that individual; (D) whether the peace officer used physical force that resulted in bodily injury, as that term is defined by Section 1.07, Penal Code, during the stop; (E) the location of the stop; and (F) the reason for the stop; and (7) require the chief administrator of the agency, regardless of whether the administrator is elected, employed, or appointed, to submit an annual report of the information collected under Subdivision (6) to: (A) the Texas Commission on Law Enforcement; and (B) the governing body of each county or municipality served by the agency, if the agency is an agency of a county, municipality, or other political subdivision of the state. (c) The data collected as a result of the reporting requirements of this article shall not constitute prima facie evidence of racial profiling. (d) On adoption of a policy under Subsection (b), a law enforcement agency shall examine the feasibility of installing video camera and transmitter-activated equipment in each agency law enforcement motor vehicle regularly used to make motor vehicle stops and transmitter-activated equipment in each agency law enforcement motorcycle regularly used to make motor vehicle stops. The agency also shall examine the feasibility of equipping each peace officer who regularly detains or stops motor vehicles with a body worn camera, as that term is defined by Section 1701.651, Occupations Code. If a law enforcement agency installs video or audio equipment or equips peace officers with body worn cameras as provided by this subsection, the policy adopted by the agency under Subsection (b) must include standards for reviewing video and audio documentation. (e) A report required under Subsection (b)(7) may not include identifying information about a peace officer who makes a motor vehicle stop or about an individual who is stopped or arrested by a peace officer. This subsection does not affect the collection of information as required by a policy under Subsection (b)(6). (f) On the commencement of an investigation by a law enforcement agency of a complaint described by Subsection (b)(3) in which a video or audio recording of the occurrence on which the complaint is based was made, the agency shall promptly provide a copy of the recording to the peace officer who is the subject of the complaint on written request by the officer. (g) On a finding by the Texas Commission on Law Enforcement that the chief administrator of a law enforcement agency intentionally failed to submit a report required under Subsection (b)(7), the commission shall begin disciplinary procedures against the chief administrator. (h) A law enforcement agency shall review the data collected under Subsection (b)(6) to identify any improvements the agency could make in its practices and policies regarding motor vehicle stops. Added by Acts 2001, 77th Leg., ch. 947, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 2001. (Subsequently amended through Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 950 (S.B. 1849), Sec. 5.01, eff. September 1, 2017.)
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